Azelaic Acid

Product name: Azelic Acid

CAS NO.:123-99-9

Molecular formula: C₉H₁₆O₄

Formula weight: 188.22

Molecular structure:

Appearance: White or off-white powder

Main Functions

Antibacterial & Anti-inflammatory

Inhibits Propionibacterium acnes: Reduces acne formation by blocking bacterial protein synthesis.

Modulates inflammatory response: Suppresses inflammatory factors (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) and free radicals, alleviating redness and papules.

Regulates Keratinization

Anti-keratinizing effect: Prevents excessive follicular keratinization, unclogs pores, and inhibits comedone formation.

Gentle exfoliation: Promotes epidermal cell renewal and improves skin texture with lower irritation compared to salicylic or alpha-hydroxy acids.

Inhibits Hyperpigmentation

Blocks melanin synthesis: Inhibits tyrosinase activity, reduces melanin production, and fades post-acne marks, melasma, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Antioxidant effect: Neutralizes free radicals to mitigate UV-induced pigmentation.

Oil Control & Soothing

Regulates sebum production: Reduces excess oil secretion, improving oily skin and seborrheic dermatitis.

Calms sensitive skin: Alleviates redness and burning sensations in rosacea patients.

Primary Applications

Medical Field

Acne treatment: First-line topical medication (gel or cream) for mild to moderate acne, especially suitable for sensitive skin or pregnant women.

Rosacea management: Reduces erythema, papules, and pustules while enhancing skin barrier function.

Pigmentary disorders: Adjunctive therapy for melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, often combined with hydroquinone or tretinoin.

Skincare & Cosmetics

Acne-fighting products: Used in cleansers, serums, or spot treatments to prevent acne recurrence.

Brightening and spot fading: A gentle alternative to traditional potent ingredients (e.g., hydroquinone) for skin lightening.

Anti-aging: Improves photoaging, reduces fine lines, and brightens dull skin tone.

Other Applications

Scalp care: Addresses seborrheic dermatitis or scalp acne.

Adjunctive therapy: Enhances efficacy and reduces post-procedure pigmentation risks when combined with laser treatments or chemical peels.

Advantages & Precautions

Advantages: High safety profile (Pregnancy Category B), multifunctional (antibacterial + brightening + anti-inflammatory), suitable for sensitive skin.

Contraindications: Avoid use if allergic; severe acne requires combination therapy.

Azelaic acid is a versatile dermatological ingredient with both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, but it should be used as directed by a healthcare professional or product guidelines.

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