Tranexamic Acid

Product name: Tranexamic Acid

CAS NO.: 1197-18-8

EINECS: 214-818-2

Molecular formula: C₈H₁₅NO₂

Molecular Weight: 157.21  

Molecular structure:

Appearance: white powder

Function：

1. Whitening

In the field of cosmetology, especially skin whitening, tranexamic acid has demonstrated remarkable efficacy. Below is a detailed analysis of its whitening effects and mechanisms:

Whitening Effects:

Inhibition of Melanin Production: Tranexamic acid inhibits the conversion of tyrosinase into melanin, a pivotal step in melanogenesis. By reducing the activity of tyrosinase, tranexamic acid can decrease the synthesis of melanin, thereby achieving a whitening effect.

Promotion of Melanin Dissolution: Beyond inhibiting melanin production, tranexamic acid also enhances the dissolution of pre-existing melanin in the skin, further diminishing pigmentation on the skin surface and resulting in a more even and radiant complexion.

Brightening of Skin Tone: By accelerating skin metabolism, tranexamic acid can improve skin roughness and facial dullness, lifting the overall skin tone for a brighter and clearer appearance.

Whitening Mechanisms:

Chemical Structural Similarity: Tranexamic acid shares a degree of chemical structural similarity with tyrosinase, both containing a carboxyl group (COOH). This similarity allows tranexamic acid to compete with tyrosine for binding sites on tyrosinase, disrupting its catalytic action on tyrosine and reducing melanin synthesis.

Competitive Inhibition: Through competitive binding with tyrosine, tranexamic acid inhibits the catalytic oxidation process of tyrosinase on tyrosine, subsequently decreasing melanin production. This mechanism is known as competitive inhibition.

Promotion of Melanin Metabolism: In addition to inhibiting melanin production, tranexamic acid facilitates the dissolution and metabolism of melanin within the skin, expediting its excretion and further diminishing pigmentation on the skin's surface.

Anti-inflammatory

Tranexamic Acid possesses multiple therapeutic effects in the medical field, with its anti-inflammatory property being one of its notable characteristics. Below is a detailed introduction to the anti-inflammatory efficacy of tranexamic acid:

Anti-inflammatory Efficacy:

Suppression of Inflammatory Response: Tranexamic acid reduces the production of active peptides and kinins in the body. These molecules serve as crucial mediators in inflammatory reactions, enhancing vascular permeability and facilitating the onset and progression of inflammation. By inhibiting the generation of these mediators, tranexamic acid effectively mitigates inflammatory responses and alleviates inflammatory symptoms.

Mechanisms of Anti-inflammatory Action: The mechanisms of tranexamic acid's action may be linked to its inhibitory effects on the fibrinolytic system. Although primarily known for its hemostatic properties, tranexamic acid's suppression of plasminogen activation and fibrin degradation may indirectly impact vascular permeability and exudation during inflammatory processes, thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect.

Areas of Application:

The anti-inflammatory properties of tranexamic acid find applications in the treatment of various diseases. For instance, it can be used to manage hereditary angioedema, a localized edema and inflammatory reaction triggered by immune reactions. Additionally, tranexamic acid aids in mitigating bleeding caused by hyperfibrinolysis during cardiac surgery, where inflammatory responses may also be present.

Precautions:

Drug Interactions: Concurrent use of tranexamic acid with thrombin medications should be avoided as it may increase the risk of thrombosis.

Dose Adjustment: Patients with chronic renal insufficiency require dosage adjustments of tranexamic acid to ensure drug safety and efficacy.

Regular Monitoring: Long-term users of tranexamic acid should undergo periodic ophthalmological examinations to monitor changes in vision, visual acuity, visual fields, and fundus, enabling the timely detection and management of potential side effects.

Tranexamic acid possesses significant hemostatic properties, and its hemostatic effect is widely recognized.

Applications in Hemostasis:Surgical Hemostasis: Tranexamic acid can be used for hemostasis during various surgical procedures, such as general surgery, obstetrics and gynecology surgery, and oral surgery. For patients with postpartum hemorrhage, tranexamic acid can effectively reduce blood loss and ensure the safety of the mother.
Internal Bleeding: Tranexamic acid is also suitable for the treatment of internal bleeding such as hemoptysis and hematuria.
Other Bleeding: For bleeding in the mouth, nose, throat, and other areas, tranexamic acid can also effectively control bleeding. Additionally, tranexamic acid is commonly used in the treatment of more severe bleeding disorders such as gastrointestinal bleeding and uterine bleeding.

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